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Learn About The Subjunctive Mood in German
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In German it is generally accepted that there are six subjunctives: the present
subjunctive (Konjunktiv I Präsens), the imperfect subjunctive (Konjunktiv II Imperfekt),
the future subjunctive (Konjunktiv I Futur), the perfect subjunctive (Konjunktiv I Perfekt),
the pluperfect subjunctive (Konjunktiv II Plusquamperfekt) and the future perfect subjunctive
(Konjunktiv I Futur II). The I or II determines which verb-radical should be used: the
Präsens-radical(I) or the Präteritum-radical(II).
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Two other tenses are sometimes considered subjunctives, but they are more commonly considered
conditionals (Konditional). in which case they are called the
Konjunktiv II Futur and Konjunktiv II Futur II;
The subjunctive in German is used after certain conjunctions, e.g. wenn, fast, beinahe,
damit,…, in wishes and in indirect speech.
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Wenn das Wetter gut wäre, kämen wir heute zu dir. (If the weather were
good, we would come to you today.)
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Fast hätte das Auto ihn überfahren. (The car almost hit him.)
- Er sagt, er werde kommen. (He says, he will come.)
- Er lebe hoch. (May he live long.)
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